研究方向與成果.

先進抗災土木結構

本研究已初步開發先進震後自復位橋柱,降低橋梁震後之殘餘變形。過去的實驗結果顯示,橋柱後降伏勁度之維持,於拉力區使用不降伏的高強度鋼絞線固然重要,壓力區強度的維持也是關鍵因素。過去實驗中,發現保護層厚度較薄的一側,有明顯的後降伏勁度,而較厚的一側,則反之,此現象是因為當拉力區鋼絞線維持彈性,橋柱傳統縱向鋼筋降伏後,拉力區之拉力仍然持續上升,為維持斷面力平衡,斷面壓力區之壓力得隨之升高,若沒有足夠的壓力區的話,便無法提高橋柱的後降伏勁度。

本次研究將保護層厚度從3 cm降低至2 cm,用以減少壓力區在保護層壓碎後的損失,來提升試驗柱的後降伏勁度。根據試驗與分析之結果,發現降低保護層厚度,能減少壓力區在保護層混凝土壓碎後的損失,使得壓力區能提供足夠的壓力,配合上拉力區鋼絞線維持彈性,維持斷面力平衡,進一步提升了試驗柱的後降伏勁度。

混凝土為全球應用最廣泛的營建材料,其具有經濟性、耐火性、易塑性、高抗壓性等優點,但其抗張強度卻僅約抗壓強度十分之一,並有脆性破壞及抗張延展性差的先天缺陷。本研究研發之新世代抗災高性能混凝土,以性能設計觀點進行配比設計,具施工性及高拉力強度、高拉力應變韌性、高消能容限的優異表現,並在本年度完成本土化配比設計,以供未來應用在各式抗震構件上。此配比設計為全球首見具自充填及高性能(受拉時應變硬化)之纖維混凝土,克服過去添加高含量纖維時工作性巨幅降低的瓶頸,並結合了應變硬化的優異力學表現。

參考自充填混凝土配比設計概念,以緻密混理論為基礎,配合鋼纖維混凝土坍流度預測與拉力應變硬化最小纖維添加量演算公式,本研究提出一套新世代抗災高性能混凝土之設計流程。過去國內外的類似配比設計多基於試誤法,此設計配比研發參考自充填混凝土配比設計概念,以緻密混理論為基礎,配合鋼纖維混凝土坍流度預測與拉力應變硬化最小纖維添加量演算公式;能有效預估新拌時之坍流度,並能確認硬固後具拉力應變硬化特性,為兼具以工作性和力學表現之完整性能設計法,未來將進一步應用在建築物及基礎建設的重要構件上。

Previous studies regarding the modeling of steel moment frames for seismic resilience assessment have been comprehensively reviewed. It is shown that the modeling of imperfection in steel structures, gravity frames, and composite slabs may play an important role in seismic response and collapse behavior of steel moment frames, which greatly affect the results of resilience assessment. As a result, an imperfection measurement of a set of steel hot-rolled W-shape beams is being conducted using 3D non-contact laser scanning. The measurement results will be used to study the shape and magnitude of W-shape sections in the prototype frames used in this study. Moreover, to create the prototype frames, designs of steel buildings that employ space moment frames or perimeter moment frames combined with gravity frames are currently underway. The seismic resilience of the building will be compared to study the influence of structural redundancy.

There have been large efforts both in Taiwan and the United States to permit the use of high-strength steel reinforcement (HSSR) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures to increase design innovation and also reduce costs. It is important to investigate the drift response of structures with HSSR to earthquakes as past research has shown that controlling drift (or displacement) of a structure can help reduce the damage it experiences during earthquakes. The focus of this research was on comparing drift response of structures with conventional reinforcement and HSSR reduced in inverse proportion to increase in yield stress.

A thorough review of available literature was conducted to identify studies related to drift response of structures with both conventional steel and HSSR. These studies compared structures with similar strengths but different quantities of reinforcing steel. Analytical investigations showed that drift response of RC structures with HSSR was between 5% to 25% larger than those with conventional steel while the only set of experimental data showed that there was no consistent increase in drift response of structures with HSSR. An experimental program has been developed to obtain more test data and further research is being conducted to study methods to estimate drift demand.